Legal Insights with Attorney Schnee, Navigating the Path of Justice

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March 18, 2026
What Is a Cease and Desist Letter, and What Should You Do If You Receive One?
By J. Chadwick Schnee January 1, 2026
The Importance of Transparency in Municipal Law
A judge 's gavel is sitting on top of a piece of paper that says we the people.
By J. Chadwick Schnee August 1, 2025
PA's Anti-SLAPP Shield: How We Won $6K+ for a Client's Free Speech Rights
By J. Chadwick Schnee June 15, 2025
Supreme Court Rejects "Background Circumstances" Rule in Title VII Cases: What It Means for You
By J. Chadwick Schnee May 15, 2025
Breaking Down the Commonwealth Court’s Ruling on RTK Law: A Closer Look at Shepherd v. Pennsylvania Office of the Governor
April 15, 2025
Agencies beware: Injunctive relief against users of the Right-to-Know Law may be increasingly difficult under Pennsylvania’s Anti-SLAPP Statute
By J. Chadwick Schnee, Esq March 15, 2025
The Importance of Procedural Due Process: A Successful Expungement of a Mental Health Commitment in Erie County, PA
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By J. Chadwick Schnee, Esq February 15, 2025
Are public libraries subject to the Right-to-Know Law? Definitely maybe.
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By J. Chadwick Schnee, Esq January 15, 2025
As a matter of first impression, a Commonwealth Court judge has ruled that post-trial motions under Pa. R.Civ.P. 227.1 are not required in an appeal from an order in a Right-to-Know Law enforcement action. In Walker v. County of Bucks, a requester filed an enforcement action against an agency and its open-records officer where the agency had filed two appeals of the same OOR final order (rather than two appeals of two different OOR final orders), arguing that relief in mandamus was appropriate because one of the two OOR final orders was not appealed.[1] The trial court rejected the complaint, holding that relief in mandamus “is not clear at this time” due to a pending motion to substitute one its appeals.[2] The requester appealed but did not file post-trial motions. The agency argued that, under Pa.R.Civ.P. 227.1, the requester “waived all issues on appeal and her appeal must be dismissed” because she did not file post-trial motions. Commonwealth Court Judge Dumas disagreed, holding that a RTKL enforcement action “is not a situation where post-trial motions had to be filed” because the complaint in mandamus was covered by “‘petition practice’” as set forth under the Note to Pa R.A.P. 3761.[3] Instead, “it is evident that the mandamus action filed by Appellant was in petition practice, such that post-trial motions were not necessary.”[4] While this is an unreported memorandum opinion of a single member of the Commonwealth Court, parties to a RTKL enforcement action potentially may not be required to file post-trial motions in order to preserve issues on appeal. (This post should not be considered legal advice. For more information or to discuss, Attorney Schnee can be reached at chadwick@schneelegal.com ). [1] Walker v. County of Bucks, 974 C.D. 2023 (Pa.Cmwlth. Jan. 31, 2024) (Dumas, J.) (unreported). The author represents the requester in this matter. [2] Id. [3]The Note provides Pa.R.A.P. 3761(b) provides the method for seeking compliance with a final determination of the Office of Open Records in the Commonwealth Court. This differs from proceeding in the courts of common pleas, where the method to obtain judicial review of alleged failure to comply with a final determination of the Office of Open Records may be an action in mandamus or other petition authorized by local rule. Capinski v. Upper Pottsgrove Township, 164 A.3d 601 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2017). Use of this petition is appropriate when the final determination was not appealed. If an appeal was taken and the order affirmed by the Commonwealth Court, enforcement is not of the final determination of the Office of Open Records, but rather of the order of the Commonwealth Court. [4] Walker v. County of Bucks, 974 C.D. 2023 (Pa.Cmwlth. Jan. 31, 2024) (Dumas, J.) (unreported).
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By J. Chadwick Schnee, Esq. December 15, 2024
The Pennsylvania Commonwealth issued a ruling on November 8, 2023 holding that an agency violated open meeting laws when it added the consideration of a collective bargaining agreement with its teachers union without first providing public notice. The case, brought by now-Senator Jarrett Coleman, alleged that the Parkland School District violated the Sunshine Act when it voted to approve a multi-year collective bargaining agreement with its teachers union when that item was not previously listed as part of a public agenda. In other words, the public had no prior notice that the collective bargaining agreement would be considered unless they happened to attend the public meeting. The case concerned 2021 amendments to the Sunshine Act that, until now, had never previously been interpreted by an appellate court. Specifically, this section, Section 712.1, provides as follows: (a) Official action.--Except as provided in subsection (b), (c), (d) or (e), an agency may not take official action on a matter of agency

Pennsylvania Court Imposes Maximum $1,500 RTKL Civil Penalty for Bad Faith Act 22 Denial – Mahanoy City Case

Pennsylvania Court Imposes Maximum $1,500 RTKL Civil Penalty for Bad Faith Act 22 Denial – Mahanoy City Case

On July 7, 2026, the Court of Common Pleas of Schuylkill County entered an Order and Opinion imposing the maximum $1,500 civil penalty under Section 1305(a) of the Pennsylvania Right-to-Know Law against the Borough of Mahanoy City.

Attorney J. Chadwick Schnee, Esq. of Schnee Legal Services, LLC represented the requester, Dr. Jillian Mullen, in this matter.

Dr. Mullen sought public records (security camera footage from inside and outside Mahanoy City Borough Hall during two public Borough Council meetings). The Borough responded with a blanket Act 22 denial. The Court later found that denial was issued in bad faith.

The key evidence came from the Borough’s own Open Records Officer and Manager, who testified under oath that the Borough knew the requested footage did not exist because the camera system was not properly recording. Rather than state that fact, the Borough chose to invoke Act 22 so the public would not learn that the cameras were not functioning.

Judge Hale held that the Pennsylvania Right-to-Know Law does not permit an agency to assert a statutory exemption for public records it knows are nonexistent. When records do not exist, the agency’s obligation is to say so. Invoking Act 22 as a general denial under those circumstances constituted bad faith.

The Court dismissed the Schuylkill County District Attorney as a respondent and assessed the full $1,500 civil penalty against the Borough of Mahanoy City.

This decision reinforces a straightforward principle: agencies must deal honestly with requesters and the Office of Open Records. A desire to conceal operational shortcomings does not justify a false or misleading denial under the Right-to-Know Law.

For practitioners and requesters alike, the case is a useful reminder that a blanket Act 22 response is not a safe harbor when the agency knows no responsive records exist.

I discuss Act 22, bad-faith findings, and civil penalties under 65 P.S. § 67.1305 at length in The Right-to-Know Law and the Sunshine Act: A Practice Guide (5th Edition, PBI Press).

If you are requesting public records, are a municipality responding to Right-to-Know Law requests or are a governmental contractor subject to open records laws, contact Schnee Legal Services, LLC to obtain guidance on Pennsylvania open-records matters.



Schnee Legal Services, LLC www.schneelegal.com J. Chadwick Schnee, Esq.

A hand holding a fountain pen signs a signature on a white document.
March 18, 2026
What Is a Cease and Desist Letter, and What Should You Do If You Receive One?
By J. Chadwick Schnee January 1, 2026
The Importance of Transparency in Municipal Law
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